With the internet growing at an exponential pace, the threats associated too is at the same rate. Social media, these days is causing lot of problems with fake identities and pose a serious threat to teenagers who can’t discriminate between malicious and benign profiles.The following infographic establishes with statistics, the problems that parents face to monitor the internet usage of their child.

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Saturn's rings are not just beautiful to look at; it turns out they are also responsible for rain falling on the planet.

Using data collected from the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, scientists found that the amount of "ring rain"--when water particles fall from Saturn's rings onto the planet below--is significantly more than previously thought, and may be responsible for the pattern of dark bands or shadows that appear on the planet's surface.

James O'Donoghue, the lead author on the paper which appeared in Nature and a postgraduate researcher at the University of Leicester in England, told Space.com that about "one Olympic-sized swimming pool of water is falling on Saturn per day."

Ring rain is not like regular rain, of course--the water is not coming over in big gushes or even in droplets.

Instead, O'Donoghue surmised that tiny charged water particles are moving from Saturn's rings--which are made up almost entirely of ice--along magnetic pathways between the rings and the planet. Once they hit Saturn, they neutralize glowing triatomic hydrogen ions in the planet's upper atmosphere.

Those areas where the ions are neutralized appear darker than other parts of the planet in infrared images, leaving "shadows" on Saturn in a pattern that mimics the rings themselves.

"It's like a shadow map of the rings has imprinted itself on the planet," said Kevin Baines of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in La Canada Flintridge, a coauthor on the paper.

"Saturn is the first planet to show significant interaction between its atmosphere and ring system," O'Donoghue said in a statement. "The main effect of ring rain is that it acts to 'quench' the ionosphere of Saturn, severely reducing the electron densities in regions [where] it falls."

The discovery leads to more scientific questions, especially how  ring rain affects the rings. Also: Will the ring rain ultimately lead to the wasting away of Saturn's picturesque rings? And, can further analysis of the rate of ring rain help scientists figure out the age of the rings?

The paper describing the ring rain appeared in the journal Nature this week.

Pakistan Wednesday conducted a successful launch of the Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile Hatf IV Shaheen-1 Weapon System.According to Inter Services Public Relations (ISPR), the missile incorporates series of improvements in range and technical parameters of the existing missile. It is capable of carrying nuclear and conventional warheads to a range of 900 Kms.
Wednesday’s launch, whose impact point was at sea, was witnessed by Director General Strategic Plans Division Lieutenant General (Retired) Khalid Ahmed Kidwai, Chairman NESCOM Mr Muhammad Irfan Burney and other senior military officers, scientists and engineers.
Director General Strategic Plans Division Lieutenant General (Retired) Khalid Ahmed Kidwai congratulated all scientists and engineers on the successful launch. He said that the improved version of Shaheen-1 has consolidated and strengthened Pakistan’s deterrence abilities manifold. He appreciated the efforts of all personnel for their dedication and professionalism.

WASHINGTON: The U.S. Navy is preparing to deploy an experimental laser weapon to the Persian Gulf, where it could be used to deter Iran from using small boats to attack American warships.

Adm. Jonathan Greenert, the U.S. chief of naval operations, on Monday unveiled plans to place the laser cannon aboard a U.S. ship in the Gulf, where swarms of Iranian attack boats have posed a worrisome challenge for the American military.

The $40 million system will be installed aboard the USS Ponce, an amphibious assault ship used in the Gulf for mine clearance and humanitarian operations.

While still in development, the laser system has succeeded in destroying all 12 of its drone and small boat targets in testing, officials said. To bolster its capabilities, the Navy released a video of the laser weapon setting an aerial drone aflame and forcing it to crash into the water.

"It's kind of amazing," Adm. Greenert said in announcing the deployment plans at a convention outside Washington, D.C.

The Laser Weapon System uses directed energy to disable sensors or burn holes through a plane or ship. Because of its limited range, the weapon won't be able to target incoming missiles or jets, but it could be effective in combating Iranian fast boats and any drones the Gulf nation is developing, officials said.

The Pentagon has struggled for years to develop effective laser weapons systems, including ones mounted on planes intended to shoot down missiles. The Naval version, the first of its kind to be dispatched to the field, has more modest ambitions.

Military officials said the Persian Gulf was also an important testing ground because of its harsh physical environment.

"If it can stand up to the weather and rugged nature it can do it anywhere," said one Navy official.

The U.S. military is wary of the threat posed by small attack boats. In 2000, a small boat filled with explosives hit the USS Cole in Yemen, killing 17 sailors.

Last year, a U.S. Navy supply ship opened fire on what was described as a fast-approaching boat off the United Arab Emirates coast. That craft turned out to be an Indian fishing boat, and the shooting killed an Indian fisherman. On Monday, the U.S. Navy cleared the sailors of any wrongdoing in the incident and said that they had acted properly when they opened fire.

The US navy has used a powerful laser cannon to shoot down drone aircraft and will start deploying the weapon on its ships, saying it represents the future of warfare.

"The future is here," said Peter Morrison at the Office of Naval Research's Solid-State Laser Technology Maturation Programme.

The weapon, known as the Laser Weapon System or Laws, has so far only been used to shoot down drones in testing areas but is being billed as a step towards transforming warfare. Since it runs on electricity it can fire as long as there is power at a cost of less than US$1 dollar per shot, says the navy.

"Compare that to the hundreds of thousands of dollars it costs to fire a missile and you can begin to see the merits of this capability," said Rear Admiral Matthew Klunder, chief of naval research.

The prototype, which one official said cost between US$31m and $32m to make, will be installed aboard the USS Ponce, which is being used as a floating base in the Middle East, sometime after October 2013.

Klunder said the navy expected that someday incoming missiles would not be able to "simply outmanoeuvre" a highly accurate laser beam fired at the speed of light.

A report from the Congressional Research Service praised the laser technology but noted drawbacks, including the potential it could accidentally hit satellites or aircraft. Weather also affects lasers.

"Lasers might not work well, or at all, in rain or fog, preventing lasers from being an all-weather solution," it said in a report issued on 14 March.

SINGAPORE: Oil was up in Asia on Monday, buoyed by strong Japanese equities as the market recovered from a downbeat US jobs report, analysts said.

New York's main contract, light sweet crude for delivery in May added 14 cents to $92.84 a barrel and Brent North Sea crude for May delivery increased 32 cents to $104.44.

"The oil market is moving in sync with the Japanese stock market. Oil is also recovering from the selling that came after the US jobs report," Victor Shum, managing director at IHS Purvin and Gertz in Singapore, told AFP.

Tokyo stocks soared three percent in opening trade Monday as the yen plunged further following the Bank of Japan's sweeping monetary easing last week.

Investors are cheering the weakening yen and its obvious impact on future corporate earnings, market players said.

The BoJ on Thursday embarked on a new era of huge spending by releasing a flood of easy money, in its boldest attempt to drag the Japanese economy out of decades of crushing deflation.

But a dismal US jobs report released Friday that fell far short of market expectations continued to weigh on sentiment.

The Labor Department said the United States added just 88,000 jobs in March. The unemployment rate dipped to 7.6 percent from 7.7 percent in February, but only because people dropped out of the workforce.

Shum said the latest rise in oil prices should be viewed with caution "as the latest jobs data indicates that the US economy may be entering a soft patch of slower recovery".

The health of the US economy, which is the world's biggest oil consumer, affects global oil prices. (AFP)

Freezing Mixture: In a freezing mixture like ice and salt, the sa’11 dissolves and lowers the temperature of the solution (acieing a substance to a solvent also lowers the freezing point of the mixture); salt water, for example, freezes below 0°C.During winter season when there is snow fall, salt is spread on the roads. This lowers the freezing point and thus snow does not make ice on the road and the road remains open for safe traffic
An lee cream maker uses a mixture of ice and salt to cool down his ice cream. The salt lowers the freezing point (melting point) and causes more cooling. The temperature is lowered and ice cream is formed easily.
Joule-Kelvin Effect: If a stream of gas is made to flow through a small aperture into a larger container so that its pressure falls, then its temperature usually decreases too. This phenomenon is called the Joule-Kelvin (or Joule-Thomson) effect. It occurs because moving the molecules farther apart requires
energy to overcome the attractive intermolecular forces. The energy comes from the gas molecules themselves and the temperature of the gas therefore falls. If the larger container is not insulated (or if the gas merely expands into normal air, as when using an aerosol spray), then, the gas quickly absorbs heat from its surroundings and warms up again. If, however, the expansion container is very well insulated, so that only negligible amount of heat can enter or leave it, then the expanded gas remains at the lower temperature. This method is widely used to liquefy gases and to produce very low temperatures.
An aerosol spray demonstrates the Joule-Kelvin effect, in which the rapid expansion of a gas through a small jet results in a short fall in temperature. The liquid droplets quickly evaporate, producing a further lowering of temperature. Both effects can be felt when an aerosol is sprayed onto the skin.
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Thus an aerosol spray applied to the forehead of a person with fever causes lowering of body temperature and produces soothing effect.
A pitcher with pores keeps water at a temperature lower than that of the environment or ambient air. Water oozes out of the pores and evaporates. Evaporation requires heat energy. This energy is derived from water itself and thus temperture of the water in pitcher is lowered. The effect keeps the water at lower temperature than that of environmental temperature.
During hot weather we perspire. Sweating followed by evaporation causes lowering of body temperature and cooling. This is a physiological phenomenon to keep human body temperature constant in hot weather.
Dogs do not have sweat glands, so they pant with their drooping tongue. Evaporation from the surface of tongue causes lowering of temperature. This is a physiological phenomenon in dogs to keep body temperature low during hot summer days.

chemical element is characterized and identified by thermodynamical (Z) thermoplastic infrared_protean_Lolita nucleus. As every atom is electrically neutral because it has electrons equal in number to that of protons so Z also equals the number ca. electrons.

The electrons are orbiting around the nucleus. The mass number of an atom (A) is the _sum of number of_protons and neutrons in the _ nucleus (in this way A-Z is the number of neutrons.) Hydrogen has only one proton in its nucleus and only one electron revolving around it, so hydrogen has an atomic number of one and also a mass number of one.

The element helium has an atomic number of 2 and mass number of 4. Thus hydrogen is written as 1111 and helium as 42He. The fissile (undergoing fission reaction) isotope of uranium is 23892U. It has 92 protons, 143 neutrons, and 92 electrons.

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